Capital Transactions |
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| Capital Transactions |
Capital Transactions
Share-Based Compensation
During the year ended December 31, 2012, our shareholders adopted and approved the 2012 Incentive Plan. The 2012 Incentive Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards, stock awards and other stock-based awards. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors has authority and discretion to determine the type of award as well as the amount, terms and conditions of each award under the 2012 Incentive Plan, subject to the limitations of the 2012 Incentive Plan. A total of 1,500,000 shares of common stock were originally authorized for the granting of awards under the 2012 Stock Incentive Plan. In January 2015, our shareholders approved an amendment to the 2012 Incentive Plan, to increase the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance by 1,500,000 shares. The number of shares available for awards, as well as the terms of outstanding awards, are subject to adjustment as provided in the 2012 Incentive Plan for stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and other similar events.
We also maintain a stock incentive plan, which was approved by shareholders in 2009 (the “2009 Incentive Plan”). The 2009 Incentive Plan also provided for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards, stock awards and other stock-based awards. Under the 2012 Incentive Plan, any shares subject to award, or awards forfeited or reacquired by the Company issued under the 2009 Incentive Plan are available for award up to a maximum of 400,000 shares.
Stock Options
Our outstanding stock options include time-based stock options, which vest over differing periods ranging from the date of issuance up to 48 months from the option grant date; performance-based stock options, which have already vested upon achieving operating income margins of six, eight and ten percent as reported in four of five consecutive quarters over the term of the options.
Stock option activity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019, is as follows (amounts in thousands, except per share information):
Share-based compensation expense from time-based stock options for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was approximately $0 and $13,000, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to the grants described above was $0.
At March 31, 2019, the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding and exercisable stock options to purchase 1,110,000 shares of common stock was $0.3 million. At December 31, 2018, the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding and exercisable stock options to purchase 1,114,000 shares of common stock shares of common stock was $0.2 million.
For the three-month period ended March 31, 2019, we did not grant any stock options to purchase shares of the common stock under the 2012 Stock Incentive Plan to our board members, executive officers or other employees.
For the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, we issued 30,000 shares of common stock upon the exercise of stock options at an average exercise price of $5.88 per share. The aggregate intrinsic values of options exercised during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018 was $0.2 million and we recognized $32,000 of tax benefits from the exercise of stock options during the period.
As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we did not have any unvested performance-based stock options outstanding.
Restricted Stock Units
Our outstanding RSUs include time-based RSUs, which vest over differing periods ranging from 12 months up to 36 months from the RSU grant date, as well as performance-based RSUs, which vest upon achieving targets relating to sales growth, earnings-per-share, and/or stock price levels. RSUs given to the Board of Directors contain a restriction period in which the shares are not issued until two years after vesting. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were 93,000 and 80,000, respectively, vested RSUs given to the Board of Directors that had a restriction period.
Restricted stock unit activity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019, is as follows (share amounts in thousands, except per share information):
During the three-month period ended March 31, 2019, we granted 281,000 RSUs under the 2012 Incentive Plan to our executive officers and other employees, which were composed of both time-based RSUs and share-price performance-based RSUs. The time-based RSUs were issued with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $8.61 per share and vest in annual installments over a three-year period from the grant date. The share-price performance-based RSUs were issued with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $4.38 per share and vest upon achieving share-price targets over a three-year period from the grant date.
Except for share-priced performance RSUs, RSUs are valued at market value on the date of grant, which is the grant date share price discounted for expected dividend payments during the vesting period. For RSUs with post-vesting restrictions, a Finnerty Model was utilized to calculate a valuation discount from the market value of common shares reflecting the restriction embedded in the RSUs preventing the sale of the underlying shares over a certain period of time. Using assumptions previously determined for the application of the option pricing model at the valuation date, the Finnerty Model discount for lack of marketability is approximately 11.9 percent for a common share.
Share-price performance-based RSUs were estimated using the Monte Carlo simulation model. The Monte Carlo simulation model utilizes multiple input variables to estimate the probability that market conditions will be achieved. Our assumptions included performance periods of three years, expected volatility of 50 percent, and a range of risk free rates between 2.1 percent and 2.9 percent.
Share-based compensation expense from RSUs for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was approximately $0.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to the grants described above was $2.3 million and $1.8 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2019, the remaining compensation expense is expected to be recognized over the weighted average period of approximately 1.7 years.
Share-based compensation expense related to performance-based RSUs for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $0.1 million and $0, respectively. Should we attain all of the metrics related to the performance-based RSU grant, we would recognize up to $2.7 million of potential share-based compensation expense.
The number of shares issued upon vesting of RSUs granted pursuant to our share-based compensation plans is net of the minimum statutory withholding requirements that we pay on behalf of our employees, which was 11,000 and 40,000 shares for the three-month period ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Although shares withheld are not issued, they are treated as common share repurchases for accounting purposes, as they reduce the number of shares that would have been issued upon vesting. These shares do not count against the authorized capacity under the repurchase program described above.
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