Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

INCOME TAXES

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INCOME TAXES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES
 
Income from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes are taxed under the following jurisdictions (dollar amounts in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020
Domestic $ 14,932  $ 3,273 
Foreign 16,890  19,548 
Total $ 31,822  $ 22,821 
 
Components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021 are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020
Current:    
Federal $ —  $ (1,056)
State 54  147 
Foreign 5,690  5,129 
Subtotal 5,744  4,220 
Deferred:    
Federal (5,679) (2,332)
State 146  52 
Foreign 1,404  (2,077)
Subtotal (4,129) (4,357)
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes $ 1,615  $ (137)
 
Certain prior year amounts included in the table below have been reclassified for comparative purposes. The provision (benefit) for income taxes, as a percentage of income from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes, differs from the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate due to the following:
Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate 21.0  % 21.0  %
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax benefit 0.4  1.3 
U.S. tax impact of foreign operations (6.3) 6.7 
Valuation allowance change (19.7) (25.0)
Unrecognized tax benefits 0.5  (6.1)
Permanent foreign items 2.4  3.1 
Withholding tax on royalties 3.4  2.8 
Executive compensation 4.9  1.3 
Stock compensation (4.0) (0.4)
Tax return to provision differences 0.4  (3.3)
Elimination of provision on intercompany transactions 1.7  (2.0)
Other 0.4  — 
Effective income tax rate 5.1  % (0.6) %

Adjustments relating to the U.S. impact of foreign operations decreased the effective tax rate by 6.3 percentage points in 2021 and increased the effective tax rate by 6.7 percentage points in 2020. The components of this calculation were:
Components of U.S. tax impact of foreign operations 2021 2020
Foreign tax credits (7.4) % (4.0) %
Foreign tax rate differentials 0.6  3.1 
Foreign withholding taxes 1.9  2.8 
Transfer pricing adjustment 0.6  4.3 
Impact of GILTI 0.7  0.6 
Impact of FDII (2.7) (0.1)
Total (6.3) % 6.7  %
Certain prior year amounts included in the table below have been reclassified for comparative purposes. The significant components of the deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
As of December 31, 2021 2020
Inventory $ 1,173  $ 1,011 
Accrued liabilities 2,364  2,274 
Operating lease liabilities 2,871  3,273 
Deferred compensation 228  233 
Share-based compensation 877  1,332 
Intangible assets 131  149 
Bad debts 30  102 
Net operating losses 4,861  5,978 
Foreign tax and withholding credits 14,116  14,453 
Accrued compensation 1,726  1,422 
Other deferred tax assets 2,160  1,933 
Valuation allowance (8,650) (15,262)
Total deferred tax assets 21,887  16,898 
Accelerated depreciation (5,171) (4,197)
Right of use assets (2,544) (2,943)
Tax on unremitted earnings (2,107) (2,318)
Other deferred tax liabilities (41) (138)
Total deferred tax liabilities (9,863) (9,596)
Total deferred taxes, net $ 12,024  $ 7,302 

The components of deferred tax assets (liabilities), net are as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):
As of December 31, 2021 2020
Net deferred tax assets $ 13,590  $ 8,693 
Net deferred tax liabilities (1,566) (1,391)
Total deferred taxes, net $ 12,024  $ 7,302 

We have elected the period cost method (costs are treated as a current period expense when incurred) under U.S. GAAP as it relates to GILTI income inclusions in U.S. taxable income. Each reporting period we analyze our indefinite reinvestment assertions with respect to undistributed foreign earnings. As of December 31, 2021, we continue to assert that we do not intend to reinvest undistributed foreign earnings indefinitely in our foreign subsidiaries.
 
We have provided a valuation allowance of $8.7 million and $15.3 million as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for certain deferred tax assets, including foreign net operating losses, for which we cannot conclude it is more likely than not that they will be realized. We reviewed our tax positions and decreased the valuation allowance by approximately $6.6 million in 2021 primarily due to a domestic decrease of $7.0 million and a foreign increase of $0.4 million. For financial reporting purposes, the decrease in valuation allowances decreases income tax expenses in the year recorded. At December 31, 2021, we had approximately $14.1 million of foreign tax and withholding credits. Of the $14.1 million credits, $13.8 million are foreign tax credits, most of which expire in 2024 and a portion of which are offset by a valuation allowance.
 
At December 31, 2021, foreign subsidiaries had unused operating loss carryovers for tax purposes of approximately $4.9 million. The net operating losses will expire at various dates from 2022 through 2031, with the exception of those in some foreign jurisdictions where there is no expiration. The foreign net operating losses have a valuation allowance recorded against the portion expected to expire before utilization.
 
We are subject to regular audits by federal, state and foreign tax authorities. These audits may result in additional tax liabilities. We believe we have appropriately provided for income taxes for all years. Several factors drive the calculation of our tax reserves. Some of these factors include: (i) the expiration of various statutes of limitations; (ii) changes in tax law and regulations; (iii) the issuance of tax rulings; and (iv) settlements with tax authorities. Changes in any of these factors may result in adjustments to our reserves, which would impact our reported financial results.
 
Our U.S. federal income tax returns for 2018 through 2020 are open to examination for federal tax purposes. We have several foreign tax jurisdictions that have open tax years from 2016 through 2020.

The total outstanding balance for liabilities related to unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $0 and $0.1 million, respectively. Included in these amounts is approximately $0 and $36,000, respectively, of combined interest and penalties. We decreased interest and penalties approximately $36,000 and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. We account for interest expense and penalties for unrecognized tax benefits as part of our income tax provision.
 
During the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, we recorded a benefit related to the lapse of applicable statute of limitations of approximately $0.1 million and $1.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, all of which favorably impacted our effective tax rate.
 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of liabilities associated with uncertain tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, is as follows for the years (dollar amounts in thousands):
Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020
Unrecognized tax benefits, opening balance $ 56  $ 1,385 
Settlement of liability reclassified as income tax payable —  — 
Payments on liability (175) — 
Tax positions taken in a prior period    
Gross increases 412  — 
Gross decreases (237) (106)
Tax positions taken in the current period    
Gross increases —  — 
Gross decreases —  — 
Lapse of applicable statute of limitations (52) (1,210)
Currency translation adjustments (4) (13)
Unrecognized tax benefits, ending balance $ —  $ 56 
 
We do not anticipate a significant change to liabilities related to unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months and do not have any unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate.

Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, we can make no assurance that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be different from that which it has reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a material impact on our income tax provision and operating results in the period in which we make such determination.